Emotions and Pragmatic

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Primary Emotions:
kezdjen tanulni
-innate, biologically based, - arise from sensory experience, -same for all humans regardless of culture, and many animals as well, Sensory inputs go directly to the limbic areas
joy, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise, anger
Secondary Emotions:
kezdjen tanulni
-Learned & social. Dependent on learning and social environment, sensory inputs must first go to the cortex (frontal lobe), and then to the limbic areas.
-Pride, shame, embarrassment, anxiety
Darwin
Primary Emotions:
kezdjen tanulni
proposed that humans have developed a finite set of basic emotional states, common to all humans
Ekman and Friesen
Primary Emotions:
kezdjen tanulni
) studied human culture around the world and found that facial responses to anger, fear, disgust, happiness, sadness and surprise are universal.
Damasio
Primary Emotions:
kezdjen tanulni
suggested that Ekman’s universal emotions are innate and controlled by the amygdala and cingulate cortex.
Fear
kezdjen tanulni
it is innate and easily conditioned to tones with electric shocks, loud noises, etc.
Lesion studies
Fear
kezdjen tanulni
show decerebrate animals still show conditioned fear response, so the cortex cannot be entirely necessary.
decerebrate - odmóżdżenie
LeDoux
Fear
kezdjen tanulni
showed the amygdala is crucial part of the fear circuit. The amygdala is also heavily involved in sex, anger and aggression. The hypothalamus is also implicated.

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